ФЕНОМЕН ЛІДЕРСТВА НА ДЕРЖАВНІЙ СЛУЖБІ

Abstract

The phenomenon of leadership has been studied for many years by many scientists. Studies of some of them related to the topic of the article are analysed in it. Given that the nature of the leadership phenomenon is extremely complex, it is individual and social in nature, the article defines that leadership is a unique synergy of: natural-genetic (God-given) inclinations; maternal (paternal) upbringing; favourable social environment (surrounding, including educational, as a value-forming backbone of society); own functionality of the professional’s personality. Functionality is determined by acquired experience, consciously or unconsciously formed skills, abilities, and qualities. The article analyses some approaches to defining the phenomenon of leadership. It is determined that the most established theories are charismatic and synthetic theory, “trait theory”, as well as situational and behavioural approach. Emphasis is placed on the fact that instrumental and emotional leadership, two important new concepts of leadership – “T-model” and “Leader-catalyst” – are interesting for the civil service. The civil service should be aimed at “the common good, the interests and needs of others and their satisfaction only subject to legal and moral restrictions upholding.” The article concludes that the phenomenon of Leadership is a phenomenon generated by a system of informal, unofficial relationships between people. It occurs naturally in any group based on the influence of the personal authority of the leader on the relationships and behaviour of others. The role of the leader arises spontaneously, it is not provided by the staffing schedule of the organization. Leadership is the over competence of the individual, including the leader, which is difficult to measure and difficult to reproduce. A further scientific task is determined by a hypothetical search for a list of personal and professional qualities that make an ordinary person a leader. The question is posed: is there such a genius – a leader (head), on whose activities’ study basis it would be possible to determine a repertoire of qualities, the reflection of which in society will help it to get out of the crisis and reach the “era of common good”.