MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATIONIN THE FIELD OF CIVIL PROTECTION AS A TOOL OF REFORMING OF SECURITY SPHERE

Abstract

The article notes that in the list of priorities of Ukraine’s national interests and ensuring national security, the provision of environmental security, the creation of safe conditions for human activity, in particular in the territories affected by hostilities, and the development of an effective system of civil protection are specified. Emphasis is placed on the depletion of the ecosphere and the increase in the consumption of
non-renewable resources, the destruction of ecosystems and biocenoses is noted, with the corresponding increase in the negative impact of biological factors on the population, the increase in the likelihood of threats of biological origin, that is, the emergence and spread of both already known and new infectious diseases. It has been proven that the urgent need to modernize the Unified State Civil Protection System and improve measures to protect the population and the territory from emergency situations of various nature is due to countering the global challenges of today, such as: Ukraine’s choice of European integration, which is enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine as joining the EU and NATO, harmonization current legislation in all spheres of the country's life; the intensification of military-political conflicts (hybrid wars), as well as changes in the forms and methods of conducting them with conventional and non-conventional weapons and the need to protect the civilian population and critical infrastructure facilities from them. The conducted analysis of the sources of scientific information on the subject of the publication allows us to formulate the statement that reforming the domestic civil defense system, taking into account the best European practices, will allow to qualitatively and quantitatively increase its ability to respond to emergencies. It is stated that the basic condition for the effective functioning of the sphere of civil protection as a component of the security sphere as a whole is the presence of an effective toolkit for regulating the processes that take place in this sphere, which should ensure such proper conditions for preventing negative consequences. Whereas the basic methods of state regulation of the sphere of civil defense are economic, legal, socio-motivational and administrative, based on the power of the state authorities and containing measures of prohibition, permission and coercion. The mechanism of state regulation of state regulation of civil protection in the conditions of reforming the security sphere, which contains interrelated components, which we have developed, is aimed at achieving a defined strategic goal aimed at ensuring the stable functioning of the security environment, in particular its component – civil protection, as well as tactical goals – adequate responding to the consequences of emergencies of various nature and hostilities, ensuring civil protection of the population and territory of Ukraine in the context of reforming the country’s security sphere under the influence of modern challenges and threats, integrating Ukraine into the global security environment and joining the EU Civil Protection Mechanism. In the formation and functioning of the mechanism of state regulation of civil defense developed by us in the conditions of reforming the security sphere, an essential point is the ability not only to use it in a complex, but also to use its individual components under the influence of multivariate influencing factors. Accordingly, the strategic goal of state regulation regarding the achievement of tactical goals in the implementation of operational actions determined by tasks, principles and functions on the one hand, and a set of measures of state regulation by civil protection on the other, creates opportunities to use adequate methods of direct or indirect action of the regulatory process and tools of influencing sub entities in the form of institutions of a state or non-state nature and corresponding objects, namely: processes of protection of the population and territory of Ukraine from the consequences of emergency situations of various nature and hostilities, as well as their segmental components that are in a problematic or crisis state and require immediate intervention from on the part of subjects of the national security environment. The indisputable efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed state regulation is confirmed by the growing level of the ability of the civil defense sector to adequately respond to new challenges and threats to the security environment in the context of its ongoing transformation.