REFORMING OF THE FIELD OF CIVIL PROTECTION AS A COMPONENT OF THE SECURITY SPACE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Ukraine received this status as a candidate for membership of the EU, that is, the movement involves three stages: the conclusion of the Association between the country and the EU, obtaining the status of a candidate and joining the EU. In order to become a member of the EU, Ukraine must meet a number of requirements, namely meet the «Copenhagen criteria». It are: political (stability of institutions that guarantee democracy, rule of law, respect for human rights and protection of minority rights); economic (active market economy) and legal (obligations arising from the fact of joining the EU, in particular, recognition of its political, economic and monetary goals). In addition, the status of a candidate for membership of the EU means that a country that claims to become a member of the EU must adopt European legislation and transfer it to national status. During 2022, the EU provided more than €700 million in humanitarian and direct support through the Civil Protection Mechanism of the EU, including more than 38 thousand tons of humanitarian aid to mitigate the consequences of a full-scale armed aggression by Russia. Urgent activation of the Mechanism with the beginning of a full-scale war made it possible to satisfy the basic needs of the victims and strengthen the ability of state authorities to respond to crisis. That is why joining the Civil Protection Mechanism of the EU, which unites all emergency services, is a priority for Ukraine. It is also determined that the majority of the civil protection systems of the member states of the EU are decentralized with management either at the government level or delegated to one of the ministries (defense, internal affairs, internal security, rural and urban development, etc.) or a specialized public administration body (the ministry, agencies, services). In addition, an important emphasis is placed on the training of management bodies and personnel of search and rescue units, as well as the development of voluntary civil defense formations (volunteer fire brigades), and training of the population on actions in emergency situations. In today’s conditions, there is a trend at the level of the EU to move from the civil protection system, which will focused on responding to emergencies and eliminating their consequences, to a system whose task is the prevention and prevention of emergencies of various nature. The existing experience of cooperation with the Civil Protection Mechanism of the EU in the pre-war period, as well as the assistance of the EU during active military operations. Providing the expediency of Ukraine’s full participation in it with the aim of increasing the level of efficiency of the domestic civil protection system and improving public administration in this area. Increasing the capabilities in prevention and liquidation of the consequences of emergencies of various nature at the national and international levels with the involvement of the national forces of the member states of the EU with the support of the Mechanism’s Emergency Response Coordination Center. In addition, will contribute to the coordinated provision of humanitarian aid to the affected population.