INFECTIOUS SAFETY AS AN OBJECT OF MANAGEMENT IN CONDITIONS OF NATURAL DISASTERS

Abstract

Natural disasters and outbreaks of infectious diseases are global challenges to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. It is important that the public, managers and health professionals understand that natural emergencies are not directly sources of infectious diseases; that the main reason for the decline in infectious safety and outbreaks of infectious diseases are their secondary affecting factors. Responding to these factors requires a shift in the paradigm of biomedical protection to respond to measures to strengthen the health system's ability to operate in emergencies, not just natural ones, by combining the principles of complex systems management and disaster medicine philosophy. For the correct management of anti-epidemic measures on socially dangerous infections, it is important to understand that despite the decline in morbidity in a number of nosologies, the epidemic situation in infectious diseases in Ukraine remains unstable, a record number of outbreaks of acute intestinal infections over 20 years, 73,5 % were related to violations of basic sanitary and hygienic norms and rules by economic entities against the background of lack of supervision and control, as evidenced by statistics from official sources of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Analysis of infectious disease statistics, information and analytical materials of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and scientific publications shows that the deterioration of the social, economic and environmental situation affected the level of health care, immunoprophylaxis, and consequently the level of infectious disease. It can be argued that the problem of infectious safety of victims of natural emergencies has been studied by domestic and foreign scientists. The emphasis was mainly on the management of medical care as part of emergency response measures; attention was paid to the administration of sanitary losses, the logistics of humanitarian aid. The issue of the spread of infectious diseases, directly related to the impact of primary and secondary impact factors of a natural emergency, was studied. The issue of managing care for patients with socially dangerous infections in the face of natural disasters in the sources of scientific information was not covered except for some mentions of measures to prevent hepatitis. Accordingly, in order to plan measures to prevent a reduction in infectious safety, it should be borne in mind that the most common infectious diseases most commonly diagnosed in natural disasters include respiratory infections and acute intestinal infections, usually due to poor sanitation and large groups. Gather in small a space, which means that the spread of a virus such as COVID-19 can be a problem. Prospects for further research in this area will be to study the specifics of emergency medical response management to increase the level of infectious safety.