THE FORMS OF TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY OF THE COSSACK STATE TIMES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the consideration of the forms of territorial organization of public authorities in the Ukrainian territories at the time of the birth, emergence and decline of the state formation of the Zaporizhzhya Army - the glorious stage of our history, which laid the two hundred-year-old competitions of the Ukrainian people for the creation of their own independent state. It is substantiated that the development of the idea of the Ukrainian state-making of the Cossack times took place over one hundred years in three stages: 1) an equal federal principality within the Commonwealth; 2) an independent monarchical state; 3) the parliamentary-hetman republic. The first stage was dominated by the idea of a separate entity within the Commonwealth of the Commonwealth - the Russian / Ukrainian state, which would appear in the territories of the Bratslav, Volyn, Kyiv, Podil, and Chernihiv provinces with the status of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish state. The second stage comes from the unfolding of the national liberation war of the Ukrainian people under the leadership of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, when, in the aftermath of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the international world recognized only monarchs as the sole bearer of state sovereignty. Therefore, in order to be recognized and consolidated in the world, the newly created Ukrainian state had to be a monarchy. The third stage is due to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Europe, the emergence of the social class of the bourgeoisie and the rapid spread of ideas of parliamentarism, one of the first to understand Philip Orlyk, who in 1710 issued a constitutional act "Covenants and Constitutions of Rights and Freedoms of the Zaporozhian Army", in which Parliament -Hetman republic.

Two models of territorial organization of power of the Cossack times are characterized: at the stage of formation of Zaporizhzhya Sich and at the stage of victorious national liberation war of 1648-1659 gg. terms over 130 years. However, such a model as a prototype of the parliamentary-presidential republic has far outstripped its historical time.