ENSURING SOCIETAL SECURITY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE STATE OF MARTIAL: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of foreign experience in providing societal security in the Scandinavian countries. The key elements of the current state of social security processes in Ukraine and ways of possible improvement of the state of its provision have been studied. The theoretical foundations of the terminology and practice of societal security in the Scandinavian countries are considered, the consequences of different understanding of security technologies and Scandinavian values are determined. Threats to societal security in Ukraine during the hybrid war and its consequences, the influence of external and internal factors on the societal security system are analyzed. The Scandinavian approach to societal security is found to be divided between the identity of approaches based on the Copenhagen School of Security Studies and approaches with a more «functional» and objective view of security. The differences in approaches and the connection of concepts with conceptual propriety are considered, including integrated security, sustainability and risk management. The regularities of the updated and holistic approach of the Scandinavian countries to societal security (from preparedness for war to increased attention to peacetime crises and infrastructure protection), through reforming management (principles of responsibility, similarity and proximity), targeting a wider range of threats are revealed (from military invasion to environmental hazards and man-made disasters and terrorist attacks) and security actors (not only military, public sector and governments, but also civil, private sector and citizens). A modern concept of societal security from the standpoint of the concept of sustainability is proposed, which contains a general systemic view of the ways of transition from the current state of societal security to the desired sustainable development. In order to ensure societal security, the need to observe the limits of the safe existence of dynamic social systems is substantiated. This concept is based on the methodology of identifying threats, challenges, risks, as well as strategizing sustainable development from the standpoint of societal security and adaptive methods of ensuring societal security to justify medium- and long-term strategic planning in the field of societal security under martial law. The practical value of the study lies in the identification of such dominant trends in the provision of societal security in the Scandinavian countries. The main steps of ensuring societal security are proposed: ensuring the restoration and sustainability of the
human-oriented societal security system; sustainability should permeate the expanded concept of societal security in Ukraine, etc. Recommendations have been developed regarding the conceptual foundations of ensuring societal security in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine.