FINANCING OF RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE DURING THE POST-WAR PERIOD

Abstract

The article is devoted to substantiating the ways of post-war recovery and reconstruction of Ukraine and determining the sources of financial support for these processes. The results of the analysis of indicators of the socio-economic situation of the state by the results of 2022 proved the critical need to strengthen financial support from partner countries and international financial institutions. The need for financing the recovery according to national requests will require more than 750 billion dollars. USA within the framework of 15 strategic areas of the Plan for the Restoration of Ukraine. At the same time, it was found that the developed Plan mostly provides for the infusion of international aid, and not for the participation of the private sector. Private investments will account for about a third of the funding, which requires a review of approaches to increase this share. International experts also emphasize this, because the process of investing in the reconstruction and restoration of Ukraine will last at least 10 years and will combine the needs of both public and private funds. Accordingly, the state of international financial support of Ukraine since the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation was analyzed. Examples of successful world experience in the use of international financial aid are also highlighted, such as during the reformation of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the Warsaw bloc, in particular the so-called "shock therapy". Or examples of receiving reparations, which can come in the form of a share of the income of the Russian Federation from the export of oil and natural gas, as established by international agreements after the invasion of Iraq in Kuwait and the liberation of the latter by the forces of the international coalition in compliance with the resolution of the UN Security Council. It is substantiated that the restrictions on the provision and use of the pool of investment opportunities from the countries participating in the international coalition, which provide military aid to Ukraine, in certain sectors and situations need to be supplemented with significant amounts of private financing. Among the measures that will contribute to the increase of financial resources for the reconstruction of Ukraine in the post-war period, such as ensuring the transparency of the land market and an effective system of managing the use and protection of land with wide admission to the market of foreign investors are singled out; strengthening the mechanisms of public-private partnership to ensure guarantees of expanding the participation of private capital in the restoration of the industrial and energy spheres.