THE ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE OF THE PROJECT AS A KEY OBJECT OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Abstract

The genesis and ontological essence and technological structure of the project as a key object of project management in public administration, the rapid spread of which became a kind of response to the challenges of the times, first of all to the growing discrepancy between the expected and actual results of the activities of business entities as well as public administration bodies, are revealed as a result of economic crises, inflationary processes, reduction of state investments due to the growth of the state budget deficit, etc. It was determined that, according to its ontological essence, a project in public administration can be considered in two conditional planes: 1) as a documented complex of organizational-technical, socio-economic, material-resource and informational-communicative substantiation and planning of time-limited activities, a structural-organizational unit created specifically for this purpose in order to achieve a clearly set goal; 2) as a direct activity of such a unit as part of a public administration body with a clear internal hierarchy and close interaction both within the project team and between the project office and the external community, the existence of which is limited to a defined time and ends from the moment of the final realization of the project goal. A general conclusion was made that the use of project management methodology in public administration both at the level of state executive bodies and at the level of local self-government bodies is both strategic and tactical in nature. In a strategic plan, the project approach makes it possible to concentrate the efforts of the relevant public authorities on solving urgent problems of the future development of the united territorial community, region, and state in its key directions. In the tactical plan, budget savings are being achieved, the deadlines for implementing state programs and national projects are being reduced, there is a certain optimization of state management structures and local self-government bodies, and the coordination of the activities of public administration bodies is improving, cooperation and public-private partnerships with economic entities are being established.