ENSURING CIVIL PROTECTION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

Abstract

In the modern world, there is a transition of the civil defense system from responding to possible emergency situations to ensuring the stability of the state in various crisis situations, as well as strengthening the interaction of management bodies and civil defense forces with the armed forces and law enforcement agencies. In Ukraine, this process is taking place under the difficult conditions of martial law introduced as a result of the large-scale invasion of the Russian Federation troops into the territory of Ukraine. The conducted research shows that the following are the features of providing civil protection in the conditions of martial law. The single state system of civil protection, which relies on its provision, from February 24, 2022, functions simultaneously in two regimes: the regime of an emergency situation, established for the purpose of eliminating the consequences of a medical and biological emergency of a natural nature at the state level and ensuring the sanitary and epidemic well-being of the population, and is ready to carry out assigned tasks in a special period, including wartime, taking into account the specifics determined by the requirements of international humanitarian law, laws of Ukraine «On the legal regime of martial law» and «On mobilization training and mobilization». It is entrusted with the liquidation of the consequences of emergency situations, which occur not only in everyday conditions, in the conditions of the state of emergency and quarantine, but also in the conditions of martial law. At the same time, it is worth noting that during 6 months of large-scale military operations, the detection and destruction of explosive objects has acquired the scale of humanitarian demining, rescuing people from rubble due to the impact of missiles or their debris has become a mass phenomenon, as well as the elimination of accidents at life support facilities and critical infrastructure. And in the conditions of the impossibility of holding the heating season in some areas of the regions where active hostilities are taking place, mandatory evacuation of the civilian population to safer regions is also added. In addition, there are rare cases when emergency and rescue units cannot reach the work sites due to constant shelling by the troops of the aggressor country, which greatly complicates rescue and recovery work.